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  AWS Lambda Error – Module initialization error # aws # lambda # devops # cloud A practical diagnostic guide for resolving failures that occur while Lambda loads your code before the handler runs. Problem Your Lambda never reaches your handler. CloudWatch shows: Error: Module initialization error: X This failure happens during  startup , before your function logic ever executes. Three common causes: A top-level import crashes A native dependency fails to load Architecture or runtime mismatch Clarifying the Issue Lambda imports your module  during the cold start phase . If any code at the  global scope  throws an exception, Lambda marks the entire environment as failed and never invokes your handler. Key characteristics: Errors arise from global-scope imports, not handler logic Native modules must match  Amazon Linux 2 / AL2023 Missing environment variables can break modules at load time Why It Matters Initialization failures are persistent — Lambda reuses ...

  AWS Lambda Error – Cannot find module './index' # aws # lambda # devops # cloud A practical diagnostic guide for fixing Lambda handler file resolution failures caused by missing files, wrong extensions, or nested zip structures. Problem Your Lambda deploys successfully, but immediately fails on invocation with: Error: Cannot find module './index' This happens before your code runs — the runtime cannot locate the handler file at all. Three common causes: File is missing or named incorrectly Zip structure nests the file inside a folder Runtime expects a different extension than what you provided Clarifying the Issue Lambda must find the  module file  ( index.js ,  index.mjs ,  index.py , etc.) at the  root of the deployment package . If the file is absent, misnamed, cased differently, or inside a folder, the runtime aborts before loading your function. Key misunderstandings: Runtime dictates the  required  file extension Zip nesting causes the han...